Engineering Geometry

1.   Describe the importance of engineering geometry in the engineering design process. p. 92

2.   Describe coordinate geometry and coordinate systems and apply them to CAD. pp. 92-98

3.   Explain the right-hand rule. pp. 95-96

4.   List the major categories of geometric entities. pp. 99-108

5.   Explain and construct the geometric conditions that occur between lines. pp. 100-103

6.   Explain and construct tangent conditions between lines and curves. pp. 103-105

7.   Describe the process of constraining sketch geometry for use in the solid-modeling process. pp. 115-120

8.      List and describe surface geometric forms. pp. 124-130

9.      Describe engineering applications of geometry. p. 110, pp. 112-113

10.  Describe wireframe and surface 3-D modeling. pp. 132-135

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Questions:

1.     Define engineering geometry, and describe its importance to engineering design.

Geometry provides the building blocks for the engineering design process. p78

2.     Describe how coordinate space relates to engineering design.

Engineering geometry has to be referenced to a coordinate system in order to both define its form and to relate to other geometry. p79

3.     Explain the right-hand rule, using sketches.

p81

4.     How is a curved line different from a straight line?

A straight line is generated by a point moving in a constant direction.  A curved line is generated by a point moving in a constantly changing direction. p89

5.     Describe an engineering application for a parabola and for a hyperbola.

Parabolas and hyperbolas are used to focus electromagnetic radiation. pp92-6

6.     What is the difference between a plane and a surface?

A surface is a finite portion of a plane. p100

7.     List six quadrilaterals.

Square, rectangle, rhombus, rhomboid, trapezoid, and trapezium. pp101

8.     Define concentric circles.

Circles of unequal radii which share the same center point. p92

9.     Define a tangent.

A line which touches a circle at one and only one point. p90

10.  Describe an engineering application for an ellipse.

Used in the design of arched ceilings. p100

11.  List and sketch four polygonal prisms.

Right prism, pentagonal prism, cube, triangular prism, and oblique parallelepiped. p109

12.  Define a warped surface.

A double curved ruled 3-D surface generated by a straight line moving such that any two consecutive positions of the line are skewed. p104

13.  List the major categories of geometric forms.

Points, lines, surfaces, and solids. p85

14.  Sketch and label the various conditions that can occur between two lines.

Parallel, non parallel, perpendicular, tangent, and intersecting. p89

15.  Sketch and label the various tangent conditions that can occur between lines and curves and between two curves.

p89

16.  Sketch a circle and label the important parts.

p92

17.  Describe the process of sketching and constraining engineering economy for 3-D modeling.

Complex curves described by higher order mathematical functions, such as Bezier or B-spline curves. p99

    18.    List and define freeform curves

The graphics of randomly generated geometry that exhibit a degree of self-similarity. p110

19.  Describe fractals.

Vertices and edges. No. p112

20.     What is the minimum information needed to define a true wireframe model? Is there enough information in a wireframe model to determine which edges are hidden?

21.     Describe the four common methods used to create 3-D surfaces.

22.     Early technical drawings were often crude and hard to understand until the development of a formal projection system that occurred during what period of time?